Between 2010 and 2024, successive Conservative governments made various half-baked or half-hearted attempts to reform the Human Rights Act 1998 and the European Convention on Human Rights. Reform was, and still, is very much needed – this body of human rights law distorts parliamentary democracy, disables good government, and departs from the ideal of the rule of law. But the reform attempts largely failed. Unless parliamentarians and others learn the lessons of these failures, no future programme of human rights law reform is likely to succeed. This paper explains these lessons and outlines how to develop a workable programme of reform.